Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Allele-specific DNA methylation of disease susceptibility genes in Japanese patients with inflammatory bowel disease

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194036

Figure Lengend Snippet: If allele-specific DNA methylation (ASM) around heterozygous SNP A/C exists (which is hypermethylated around A allele and hypomethylated around C allele), SNP is called A/C in micro array before digestion and A/A after digestion by MSREs. Thus, the probes heterozygous in uncut genomic DNA and homozygous in MSREs-digested DNA indicate ASM around SNP. Because we expect methylation skew between two alleles, all heterozygous SNPs which the ratio of signal intensities given two alleles changed after digestion should be extracted. SNP, single-nucleotide polymorphisms; MSREs, methylation-sensitive restriction enzymes, which contain HpaII ( 5′-CˆCGG-3′ ), HhaI ( 5′-GCGˆC-3′ ), and AciI ( 5′-CˆCGC-3′ ).

Article Snippet: DNA from patients was digested using a cocktail of three MSREs: HpaII (5′-CˆCGG-3′), HhaI (5′-GCGˆC-3′), and AciI (5′-CˆCGC-3′) (New England BioLabs, Ipswich, USA), which in combination interrogate the methylation status of ~32.4% of CpG sites in the human genome [ ].

Techniques: DNA Methylation Assay, Microarray, Methylation

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Allele-specific DNA methylation of disease susceptibility genes in Japanese patients with inflammatory bowel disease

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194036

Figure Lengend Snippet: SNP, single-nucleotide polymorphism; MSRE, methylation-sensitive restriction enzyme; RAS, relative allele score; IBD, inflammatory bowel disease; (G), genomic DNA; (D), DNA digested MSREs; (U), whole-genome-amplified fully unmethylated DNA digested MSREs.

Article Snippet: DNA from patients was digested using a cocktail of three MSREs: HpaII (5′-CˆCGG-3′), HhaI (5′-GCGˆC-3′), and AciI (5′-CˆCGC-3′) (New England BioLabs, Ipswich, USA), which in combination interrogate the methylation status of ~32.4% of CpG sites in the human genome [ ].

Techniques: Methylation, Amplification

Journal: Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology

Article Title: SOX11: friend or foe in tumor prevention and carcinogenesis?

doi: 10.1177/1758835919853449

Figure Lengend Snippet: The molecular structure of SOX11. The SOX11 protein is composed of 441 amino acids. SOX11 contains two functional domains, the N-terminal HMG domain and the conserved TAD. SOX11, sex-determining region Y-related high-mobility-group box transcription factor 11; HMG, high mobility group; TAD, C-terminal transactivation domain.

Article Snippet: MCL , 53 , IHC , Rabbit polyclonal (Atlas Antibodies AB) , SOX11-negative patients show worse prognosis and shorter OS. , Wang et al. .

Techniques: Functional Assay

Journal: Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology

Article Title: SOX11: friend or foe in tumor prevention and carcinogenesis?

doi: 10.1177/1758835919853449

Figure Lengend Snippet: Overview of SOX11 function reported in diverse types of cancer.

Article Snippet: MCL , 53 , IHC , Rabbit polyclonal (Atlas Antibodies AB) , SOX11-negative patients show worse prognosis and shorter OS. , Wang et al. .

Techniques: Expressing, Over Expression, Biomarker Discovery, Migration, Methylation, DNA Methylation Assay

Journal: Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology

Article Title: SOX11: friend or foe in tumor prevention and carcinogenesis?

doi: 10.1177/1758835919853449

Figure Lengend Snippet: Overall carcinogenic actions of SOX11 on the hallmarks of tumor biology. SOX11 exerts tumor-stimulative effects through increasing cell proliferation, repressing cell differentiation, inducing angiogenesis, and promoting metastasis. BCL6, B-cell lymphoma 6; BNIP3, B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2)/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa protein-interacting protein 3; CIC, cancer-initiating cell; PAX5, Paired box protein 5; PDGFA, platelet-derived growth factor A; SETMAR, SET domain and mariner transposase fusion gene; SOX11, Sex-determining region Y-related high-mobility-group box transcription factor 11; TANK, TRAF family member-associated NF-κB activator.

Article Snippet: MCL , 53 , IHC , Rabbit polyclonal (Atlas Antibodies AB) , SOX11-negative patients show worse prognosis and shorter OS. , Wang et al. .

Techniques: Cell Differentiation, Derivative Assay

Journal: Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology

Article Title: SOX11: friend or foe in tumor prevention and carcinogenesis?

doi: 10.1177/1758835919853449

Figure Lengend Snippet: Different prognostic significance of SOX11 in tumor cases.

Article Snippet: MCL , 53 , IHC , Rabbit polyclonal (Atlas Antibodies AB) , SOX11-negative patients show worse prognosis and shorter OS. , Wang et al. .

Techniques: Expressing, Microarray, Over Expression

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: DOT1L safeguards cartilage homeostasis and protects against osteoarthritis

doi: 10.1038/ncomms15889

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( a ) Immunohistochemistry showing reduced methylated H3K79 levels (H3K79me2) that reflect loss of DOT1L activity in damaged areas from osteoarthritic patients (OA) as compared to their corresponding preserved areas and to cartilage from non-OA patients. Images are representative of images from four different patients. Scale bar, 400 μm. ( b ) Heat maps of differential mRNA expression determined by quantitative PCR in chondrocytes treated with DOT1L inhibitor EPZ-5676 (EPZ) or vehicle (V) from passage 0 (P0) until P2, and from preserved versus damaged areas in OA cartilage. The colour code represents the mean expression level of six and four independent patient samples respectively. ( c ) Immunoblot analysis showing decreased methylated H3K79 levels in mouse articular chondrocytes after intra-articular injection of EPZ into C57Bl/6 wild-type mouse knees. The image is representative of one experiment with protein extracts pooled from two or three mice per condition. Unprocessed original scans of blots are shown in . ( d , e ) C57/Bl6 wild-type mouse knees were injected with EPZ (5 mg kg –1 ) or vehicle and killed after 2 or 4 weeks. Knees were sectioned and stained with Hematoxylin-Safranin O ( d ). Scale bar, 200 μm. Cartilage damage was scored (see Methods section) and is shown in ( e ). One experiment was performed with n =10 and 5. Representative images from the 4 week evaluation are shown. * P <0.05 (two-tailed t -test). Error bars indicate mean±s.e.m.

Article Snippet: Antibody binding to the column was performed using 75 μg of either a mock antibody (donkey anti-goat IgG) as a control or DOT1L antibody (R&D Systems, MAB6546, clone 653613).

Techniques: Immunohistochemistry, Methylation, Activity Assay, Expressing, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Western Blot, Injection, Staining, Two Tailed Test

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: DOT1L safeguards cartilage homeostasis and protects against osteoarthritis

doi: 10.1038/ncomms15889

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( a ) KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of microarray data obtained from human articular chondrocytes treated with EPZ-5676 or vehicle. Nominal P values by EASE modified Fisher Exact test using the DAVID analysis tool (see Methods section) are shown. n =5 independent patient-derived cell cultures. ( b ) Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) using an anti-DOT1L antibody showing interaction between DOT1L and β -catenin in human articular chondrocytes, that is increased upon Wnt activation by LiCl and disrupted upon DOT1L inhibition. The image is representative of three experiments. ( c ) TOP/FOP reporter assay in human articular chondrocytes after Wnt stimulation by LiCl and DOT1L inhibition by EPZ. Activity is compared to untreated cells (dotted line). n =3 biologically independent experiments. *** P <0.001 by one-way ANOVA. ( d , e ) LEF1 , TCF1 and c-MYC expression measured by quantitative PCR in chondrocytes treated with EPZ-5676 and LiCl ( d ) or in LiCl-treated chondrocytes transfected with siRNA directed against DOT1L or scrambled siRNA (siDOT1L or siSCR, respectively) ( e ). Data are from one experiment with three technical replicates. ( f ) Immunohistochemistry demonstrating increased TCF1 levels in the articular cartilage of C57/Bl6 wild-type mice after injection of EPZ-5676. The images are representative of three different animals. Scale bar, 200 μm.

Article Snippet: Antibody binding to the column was performed using 75 μg of either a mock antibody (donkey anti-goat IgG) as a control or DOT1L antibody (R&D Systems, MAB6546, clone 653613).

Techniques: Microarray, Modification, Derivative Assay, Immunoprecipitation, Co-Immunoprecipitation Assay, Activation Assay, Inhibition, Reporter Assay, Activity Assay, Expressing, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Transfection, Immunohistochemistry, Injection

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: DOT1L safeguards cartilage homeostasis and protects against osteoarthritis

doi: 10.1038/ncomms15889

Figure Lengend Snippet: All experiments were performed in healthy human articular chondrocytes: treated as indicated with DOT1L inhibitor EPZ-5676, Wnt activator LiCl, SIRT1 antagonist EX527 or SIRT1 agonist SRT1720; or transfected with DOT1L or scrambled siRNA. All data are presented as mean±s.e.m. ( a ) Chromatin immunoprecipitation-quantitative PCR (ChIP-qPCR) analysis of DOT1L and methylated H3K79 and ( b ) acetylated H3K9 (H3K9Ac) and methylated H3K4 (H3K4me3) as markers of active transcription on the transcriptional start site (TSS) of Wnt target genes. Data are from two to five experiments. ( c ) Expression levels of TCF1 Wnt target gene measured by quantitative PCR in chondrocytes transfected with indicated specific or scrambled siRNA (siSCR). Data are from one experiment with technical triplicates. ( d ) TCF1 expression measured by quantitative PCR in the presence of SIRT1 agonist and antagonist. Data from two experiments each with technical triplicates. ( e ) Co-IP analysis using the indicated antibodies demonstrating the interaction of DOT1L and SIRT1. The image is a representative image of three biologically independent experiments. ( f ) SIRT1 activity relative to vehicle-treated cells (dotted line). Data are from three biologically independent experiments. * P <0.05, *** P <0.001 by one-way ANOVA. ( g ) ChIP-qPCR analysis of SIRT1, PPARGC1A, GCN5 and EP300 binding on the TCF1 promoter and ( h ) TCF1 expression after siRNA transfection with indicated specific or scrambled siRNA. Data from two biologically independent experiments.

Article Snippet: Antibody binding to the column was performed using 75 μg of either a mock antibody (donkey anti-goat IgG) as a control or DOT1L antibody (R&D Systems, MAB6546, clone 653613).

Techniques: Transfection, Chromatin Immunoprecipitation, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, ChIP-qPCR, Methylation, Expressing, Co-Immunoprecipitation Assay, Activity Assay, Binding Assay

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: DOT1L safeguards cartilage homeostasis and protects against osteoarthritis

doi: 10.1038/ncomms15889

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( a – c ) Inactivation of SIRT1 protects against DOT1L inhibitor-induced osteoarthritis: ( a ) C57/Bl6 wild-type mouse knees were injected with DOT1L inhibitor EPZ-5676 (5 mg kg −1 ) and SIRT1 inhibitor EX527 (1.25 mg kg –1 ), or vehicle (V) and killed after 4 weeks. Knees were sectioned and stained with Hematoxylin-Safranin O ( a ). Scale bar, 200 μm. Cartilage damage was scored (see Methods section) and is shown in ( b ). One experiment was performed with n =3 (vehicle), 8 (EPZ) and 10 (EPZ+EX527). * P <0.05 by one-way ANOVA. Error bars indicate mean±s.e.m. ( c ) Immunohistochemistry of TCF1 in the indicated groups. TCF1 levels are increased after EPZ treatment and normalized by additional EX527 treatment. The images are representative of three different animals. Scale bar, 200 μm. ( d , e ) Loss of DOT1L function causes severe growth retardation as demonstrated by skeletal staining ( d ) and histology of the growth plate ( e ) of 4-week-old Dot1l fl/fl ;Col2-Cre −/− (Cre-neg) and Dot1l fl/fl ;Col2-Cre +/− (Dot1l Cart-KO ) mice. ( f , g ) Increased TCF1 levels in Dot1l Cart-KO mice as shown by immunohistochemistry in the indicated mice strains in the articular cartilage ( f ) and growth plate ( g ). The images are representative of three different animals. Scale bar, 200 and 100 μm.

Article Snippet: Antibody binding to the column was performed using 75 μg of either a mock antibody (donkey anti-goat IgG) as a control or DOT1L antibody (R&D Systems, MAB6546, clone 653613).

Techniques: Injection, Staining, Immunohistochemistry

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: DOT1L safeguards cartilage homeostasis and protects against osteoarthritis

doi: 10.1038/ncomms15889

Figure Lengend Snippet: Upon Wnt signalling activation, DOT1L-containing complexes bind Wnt target gene chromatin. DOT1L interacts with SIRT1 and inhibits its function, preventing Wnt pathway hyper-activation. When Wnt signalling is activated in the absence of DOT1L function, high SIRT1 activity mediates the recruitment of transcriptional activators to LEF1 and TCF1 genes. High Wnt signalling leads to deleterious downstream effects and loss of cartilage homeostasis.

Article Snippet: Antibody binding to the column was performed using 75 μg of either a mock antibody (donkey anti-goat IgG) as a control or DOT1L antibody (R&D Systems, MAB6546, clone 653613).

Techniques: Activation Assay, Activity Assay

Journal: BMC Medical Genomics

Article Title: Association of differential gene expression with imatinib mesylate and omacetaxine mepesuccinate toxicity in lymphoblastoid cell lines

doi: 10.1186/1755-8794-5-37

Figure Lengend Snippet: Experimental and analytical protocol used in the study. Experimental series 1 was undertaken to estimate the differential gene expression in 48,803 probes upon treatment with imatinib or omacetaxine. For these experiments both drugs were administered at a dose of IC20. Experimental series 2 was undertaken to measure an individual’s sensitivity to drug response (SDR) which was estimated as the slope of the regression line (arrows) between log of dose administered and cell viability. Data from these experiments were also used to estimate the IC20 values used in Experimental Series 1. Differential gene expression (iFC and oFC) was tested for statistical significance for departure from zero as well as for association with the corresponding SDR as shown. Details of the statistical methods mentioned in the figure are provided in the text.

Article Snippet: Imatinib mesylate (LKT Laboratories, St Paul, MN) and omacetaxine mepesuccinate (ChemGenex, Melbourne, Australia) were solubilized in water at 10 mM and 10 μM concentrations, respectively, and stored at −20°C until used in experiments.

Techniques: Gene Expression

Journal: BMC Medical Genomics

Article Title: Association of differential gene expression with imatinib mesylate and omacetaxine mepesuccinate toxicity in lymphoblastoid cell lines

doi: 10.1186/1755-8794-5-37

Figure Lengend Snippet: Heritability of the inhibitory concentration of experimental drugs

Article Snippet: Imatinib mesylate (LKT Laboratories, St Paul, MN) and omacetaxine mepesuccinate (ChemGenex, Melbourne, Australia) were solubilized in water at 10 mM and 10 μM concentrations, respectively, and stored at −20°C until used in experiments.

Techniques: Concentration Assay

Journal: BMC Medical Genomics

Article Title: Association of differential gene expression with imatinib mesylate and omacetaxine mepesuccinate toxicity in lymphoblastoid cell lines

doi: 10.1186/1755-8794-5-37

Figure Lengend Snippet: Differential gene expression response upon treatment with imatinib or omacetaxine. (A-B) Volcano plots depicting the extent (x-axis) and significance (y-axis) of differential gene expression for each probe set (n = 48,803) after treatment with either imatinib (A) or omacetaxine (B). (C) Results of k-means clustering of the statistically significant probes based on their differential gene expression in response to imatinib (x-axis) or omacetaxine (y-axis) treatment. The color codes for each cluster are indicated in the index, clusters have been referenced consistently throughout the manuscript. The lack of data towards the center of the scatter plot is due to probes that were not significant (in response to either imatinib or omacetaxine treatment), which are not shown in this figure. (D) Point estimates and 95% confidence ellipses for the association of differential gene expression with sensitivity of drug response (SDR). Plotted in this chart are the regression coefficients from the polygenic models (equation (2)) for the set of probes belonging to the color-coded clusters identified in panel C. (E) Heritability of differential gene expression. The data are shown separately for probe sets belonging to each cluster identified in panel C. Pie charts at the top demonstrate the proportion of probe sets within the corresponding cluster that showed a heritability value exceeding zero for differential gene expression in response to imatinib as well as omacetaxine. The bar charts show the mean heritability of imatinib (blue) and omacetaxine (red) response for genes within each cluster. For reference, color-coded background is shown on the chart corresponding to the clusters. Within each cluster, the difference in the mean heritability for imatinib and omacetaxine response was assessed using a paired Student’s t test, the result of which is shown as the p-value at the top of the bars. ih2r, heritability of differential gene expression in response to imatinib; oh2r, heritability of differential gene expression in response to omacetaxine.

Article Snippet: Imatinib mesylate (LKT Laboratories, St Paul, MN) and omacetaxine mepesuccinate (ChemGenex, Melbourne, Australia) were solubilized in water at 10 mM and 10 μM concentrations, respectively, and stored at −20°C until used in experiments.

Techniques: Gene Expression

Journal: BMC Medical Genomics

Article Title: Association of differential gene expression with imatinib mesylate and omacetaxine mepesuccinate toxicity in lymphoblastoid cell lines

doi: 10.1186/1755-8794-5-37

Figure Lengend Snippet: Validation of the microarray results by qPCR. (A) Scatter plot of the differential gene expression in response to imatinib (blue) and omacetaxine (red). Both axes show log-transformed differential gene expression. Results are for all five genes that were assayed by microarray and qPCR. Since qPCR used HPRT1 as the normalizer gene, the microarray based results are shown after correction for HPRT1 expression. (B) Mean differential gene expression for the five selected genes by qPCR (left panel) and microarray (right panel) in response to imatinib (blue bars) and omacetaxine (red bars) treatment. The bars represent log-transformed differential gene expression values.

Article Snippet: Imatinib mesylate (LKT Laboratories, St Paul, MN) and omacetaxine mepesuccinate (ChemGenex, Melbourne, Australia) were solubilized in water at 10 mM and 10 μM concentrations, respectively, and stored at −20°C until used in experiments.

Techniques: Biomarker Discovery, Microarray, Gene Expression, Transformation Assay, Expressing

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: The Effects of Different Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) Protocols on Cortical Gene Expression in a Rat Model of Cerebral Ischemic-Reperfusion Injury

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139892

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fold-changes in mRNAs (RQs) of all genes that showed expression on the microarray in MCAO and ShMCAO group using the control group as a calibrator. C and Sh in the group significance column indicate significant difference to CON and ShMCAO group, respectively.

Article Snippet: Gria1 , Glutamate receptor ionotropic AMPA 1 , Rn00709588_m1 , 1.07 , , 0.94 , 0.305 , 0.401 , 2 , 13.553 , 0.677.

Techniques: Expressing, Microarray, Control, Binding Assay, Membrane

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: The Effects of Different Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) Protocols on Cortical Gene Expression in a Rat Model of Cerebral Ischemic-Reperfusion Injury

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139892

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fold-changes in mRNAs (RQs) of all genes that showed expression on the microarray after two weeks of rTMS using the MCAO group as a calibrator. MCAO, 1, 5, and Sh in the group significance column indicate significant difference to MCAO, 1Hz, 5 Hz, and ShSTIM groups, respectively.

Article Snippet: Gria1 , Glutamate receptor ionotropic AMPA 1 , Rn00709588_m1 , 1.07 , , 0.94 , 0.305 , 0.401 , 2 , 13.553 , 0.677.

Techniques: Expressing, Microarray

Journal: medRxiv

Article Title: The SARS-CoV-2 receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: analysis of high-throughput epigenetic and gene expression studies

doi: 10.1101/2021.03.23.21254175

Figure Lengend Snippet: DNA methylation analysis of 19 and 8 CpG probes located in the ACE and ACE2 genes, respectively. ( A ) Minor allele frequency in European and North American populations of SNPs located in the probes under analysis (see the respective data in Supplementary Table 2). ( B ) Boxplot of all possible Pearson’s correlation coefficients (y axis) between the M-values of the probes under analysis. Horizontal dashed line represents the situation of lack of correlation. ( C ) Adjusted p-values for the overall association between each probe and ME/CFS. Adjusted p-values were calculated according to the Benjamini-Hochberg procedure with a false discovery rate of 5% (dashed line). Grey areas in the plots represent the TSS of the genes. ( D ) and ( E ) The same analyses as shown in C but for women and men separately.

Article Snippet: Afterwards cDNA was prepared by reverse transcription (High-Capacity cDNA Reverse Transcription Kit, Applied Biosystems, cat. nr. 4368814) and real-time PCR was performed using TaqMan® Universal PCR Master Mix (cat. nr. 4305719) and TaqMan® Gene Expression Assays (cat. nr. 4331182) for ACE (Hs00174179_m1), ACE2 (Hs01085333_m1) and the housekeeping gene HPRT1 (Hs02800695_m1) (Applied Biosystems).

Techniques: DNA Methylation Assay

Journal: medRxiv

Article Title: The SARS-CoV-2 receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: analysis of high-throughput epigenetic and gene expression studies

doi: 10.1101/2021.03.23.21254175

Figure Lengend Snippet: Boxplots per study, group and gender of the M-values referring to probes identified in Figures 1C and 1D. ( A) Significant probes located in ACE . ( B ) Significant probe located in ACE2 .

Article Snippet: Afterwards cDNA was prepared by reverse transcription (High-Capacity cDNA Reverse Transcription Kit, Applied Biosystems, cat. nr. 4368814) and real-time PCR was performed using TaqMan® Universal PCR Master Mix (cat. nr. 4305719) and TaqMan® Gene Expression Assays (cat. nr. 4331182) for ACE (Hs00174179_m1), ACE2 (Hs01085333_m1) and the housekeeping gene HPRT1 (Hs02800695_m1) (Applied Biosystems).

Techniques:

Journal: medRxiv

Article Title: The SARS-CoV-2 receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: analysis of high-throughput epigenetic and gene expression studies

doi: 10.1101/2021.03.23.21254175

Figure Lengend Snippet: Analysis of ACE / ACE2 -related data from eligible microarray-based GES. ( A) Boxplots of the data from studies based on microarray technology. ( B ) Forest plot for the study-specific and pooled estimate of the mean log 2 fold change between patients with ME/CFS and healthy controls using data shown in A.

Article Snippet: Afterwards cDNA was prepared by reverse transcription (High-Capacity cDNA Reverse Transcription Kit, Applied Biosystems, cat. nr. 4368814) and real-time PCR was performed using TaqMan® Universal PCR Master Mix (cat. nr. 4305719) and TaqMan® Gene Expression Assays (cat. nr. 4331182) for ACE (Hs00174179_m1), ACE2 (Hs01085333_m1) and the housekeeping gene HPRT1 (Hs02800695_m1) (Applied Biosystems).

Techniques: Microarray

Journal: medRxiv

Article Title: The SARS-CoV-2 receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: analysis of high-throughput epigenetic and gene expression studies

doi: 10.1101/2021.03.23.21254175

Figure Lengend Snippet: Analysis of ACE and ACE2 gene expression from the German study. ( A) Violin plots of ACE (left side) and ACE2 (right side) mRNA raw data (upper row) and transformed data using the best Box-Cox transformation (lower row). Green-filled plots represent the cohort of healthy controls and rose-filled plots represent the ME/CFS-diagnosed patients. The best values for the Box-Cox transformation parameter λ are 0.303 and 0.225 for ACE and ACE2 mRNA data, respectively. ( B) Scatterplot between ACE and ACE2 gene expression using the Box-Cox-transformed data (Spearman’s correlation coefficient = −0.120).

Article Snippet: Afterwards cDNA was prepared by reverse transcription (High-Capacity cDNA Reverse Transcription Kit, Applied Biosystems, cat. nr. 4368814) and real-time PCR was performed using TaqMan® Universal PCR Master Mix (cat. nr. 4305719) and TaqMan® Gene Expression Assays (cat. nr. 4331182) for ACE (Hs00174179_m1), ACE2 (Hs01085333_m1) and the housekeeping gene HPRT1 (Hs02800695_m1) (Applied Biosystems).

Techniques: Expressing, Transformation Assay

Journal: Oncogene

Article Title: The DACH1 gene is frequently deleted in prostate cancer, restrains prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, decreases DNA damage repair, and predicts therapy responses.

doi: 10.1038/s41388-023-02668-9

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 2 DACH1 deletion PCa enhances AR signaling. A Interrogation of human PCa gene expression data [26], showing candidate genetic drivers ERG, ETV1/ETV4/FLI1, SPOP, FOXA1, and unknown. Samples with DACH1 homozygous (deep) genetic deletions (29/333) are shown as an additional subtype. The AR score (the average of the AR target gene expression) refers to a group of AR-responsive genes [26], and together with the expression Z-score of the AR target genes, are shown as colorimetric scales. The AR score-based gene names are shown. The androgen receptor (AR) activity, inferred by the induction of AR target genes, was increased in DACH1 homozygous (‘deep’) deletion PCa compared with normal (P = 2 × 10−5 by t-test) and ERG mutation groups (P = 0.003 by t-test). B AR mRNA and AR protein levels, shown for each DACH1 deletion sample, were not significantly different. C The iCluster [29], mRNA cluster, and SCNA (somatic copy-number alteration), and DNA methylation status are shown for the PCa classified by the corresponding gene deletion subtypes. D DACH1 homozygous deletions were enriched for iCluster 2 and 3 [29], mRNA cluster 2 (P = 0.0003 by Fisher exact test, SCNA (“more” somatic copy-number alteration, P = 0.0004 by Fisher exact test), but not for DNA methylation.

Article Snippet: For detection of DACH1 protein, antigen retrieval was done in Tris/EDTA buffer at pH 9 for 30min at 97 °C, followed by 30min incubation with rabbit polyclonal DACH1 antibody (Cat. #10914-1-AP, Proteintech, Rosemont, IL; dilution 1:1,000) [33], HRP-conjugated polymer (Envision FLEX, Cat#GV80011-2, Agilent), and DAB chromogen deposition.

Techniques: Gene Expression, Targeted Gene Expression, Expressing, Activity Assay, Mutagenesis, DNA Methylation Assay

Journal: Oncogene

Article Title: The DACH1 gene is frequently deleted in prostate cancer, restrains prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, decreases DNA damage repair, and predicts therapy responses.

doi: 10.1038/s41388-023-02668-9

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 3 Prostate-specific Dach1 gene deletion promotes prostate hyperplasia and dysplasia in OncoMice (15 weeks). A Schematic representation of transgenes integrated into mice. B Representative immunohistochemistry for Dach1, with data quantitated as mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM) for N = 20 (4 separate mice, with 5 views per mouse, in each group). C Blinded quantitative histology grading of prostate of multigenic mice at 15 weeks. Data are shown as mean ± SEM for N = 15 (5 separate mice, with 3 prostate areas [anterior, ventral, lateral] per mouse) in each group). H&E staining demonstrates the presence of a focal atypical intraductal proliferation in Dach1−/−prostate, compatible with prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN). Representative immunohistochemistry with results shown as mean ± SEM for Ki-67 (n = 20, 4 separate mice for each genotype, 5 views per mouse) (D), Beclin 1 (n = 9, 3 separate mice for each genotype, 3 views per mouse) (E); and AR (n = 15 for Dach1wt/wt mice, 3 separate mice, 5 views per mouse) (n = 12 for Dach1fl/flmice, 3 separate mice, 2 views for one mouse and 5 views for other two mice) (F). Scale bars, 50 μm. A Student’s t test was performed for all comparisons.

Article Snippet: For detection of DACH1 protein, antigen retrieval was done in Tris/EDTA buffer at pH 9 for 30min at 97 °C, followed by 30min incubation with rabbit polyclonal DACH1 antibody (Cat. #10914-1-AP, Proteintech, Rosemont, IL; dilution 1:1,000) [33], HRP-conjugated polymer (Envision FLEX, Cat#GV80011-2, Agilent), and DAB chromogen deposition.

Techniques: Immunohistochemistry, Staining

Journal: Oncogene

Article Title: The DACH1 gene is frequently deleted in prostate cancer, restrains prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, decreases DNA damage repair, and predicts therapy responses.

doi: 10.1038/s41388-023-02668-9

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 4 Prostate-specific Dach1 gene deletion in TRAMP mice induces PIN lesions with increased TGFβ activity. Genome-wide expression analysis of TRAMP Dach1+/+ vs. Dach1−/−PIN lesions was analyzed for enrichment of known targets of upstream regulators using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) and represented as (A) barplot was calculated by IPA activation Z-score labeled and as (B) bubble plot with size of the bubbles proportional to –log10 p values. C IHC was conducted for SMAD activation using SMAD2P, quantitated and shown as (D) mean ± SEM (n = 15 for Dach1wt/wt mice, 3 separate mice, 5 views per mouse) (n = 10 for Dach1fl/flmice, 2 separate mice, 5 views per mouse). E–G Western blot of either PCa cell lines for the presence of DACH1 (E, F) or (G) TGFβ-treated (10 ng/ml for 24 h) PC3 cells illustrating induction of nuclear vimentin and cytoplasmic cyclin D1. Protein loading controls are β-tubulin (a marker of cytoplasmic proteins) and Lamin B1 (a marker for nuclear protein enrichment). H Microarray-based gene expression analysis of PC3 cells stably expressing DACH1, showing restraint of genes mediating TGFβ signaling (shown with blue arrows), including reduction of TGFB2 and TGFBR2 [33].

Article Snippet: For detection of DACH1 protein, antigen retrieval was done in Tris/EDTA buffer at pH 9 for 30min at 97 °C, followed by 30min incubation with rabbit polyclonal DACH1 antibody (Cat. #10914-1-AP, Proteintech, Rosemont, IL; dilution 1:1,000) [33], HRP-conjugated polymer (Envision FLEX, Cat#GV80011-2, Agilent), and DAB chromogen deposition.

Techniques: Activity Assay, Genome Wide, Expressing, Activation Assay, Labeling, Western Blot, Marker, Protein Enrichment, Microarray, Gene Expression, Stable Transfection

Journal: Oncogene

Article Title: The DACH1 gene is frequently deleted in prostate cancer, restrains prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, decreases DNA damage repair, and predicts therapy responses.

doi: 10.1038/s41388-023-02668-9

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 6 DACH1 facilitates the recruitment of, and co-accumulates with, Ku70/Ku80 proteins at sites of DNA damage. A Co-accumulation of Ku-70/Ku-80 at laser micro irradiation-induced DSBs sites in Dach1+/+ 3T3 cells. B, C 24 h after transfection, the accumulation of DACH1 and Ku70/Ku80 in Dach1−/−3T3 cells transfected with EGFP or EGFP-tagged DACH1 and red fluorescent protein (RFP)-tagged Ku70 or RFP-tagged Ku80 expression vectors were treated with laser micro-irradiation (403 nm) to induce DSBs. Time is shown after micro-irradiation. Accumulation of the transfected proteins was indicated by EGFP (green) or RFP (red) fluorescence at laser-irradiated sites. Co-accumulation was visualized in yellow merged images. Time is shown in minutes and -fold increase in foci intensity is shown as mean ± SEM for N = 5 separate cells.

Article Snippet: For detection of DACH1 protein, antigen retrieval was done in Tris/EDTA buffer at pH 9 for 30min at 97 °C, followed by 30min incubation with rabbit polyclonal DACH1 antibody (Cat. #10914-1-AP, Proteintech, Rosemont, IL; dilution 1:1,000) [33], HRP-conjugated polymer (Envision FLEX, Cat#GV80011-2, Agilent), and DAB chromogen deposition.

Techniques: Irradiation, Transfection, Expressing

Journal: Cancer cell

Article Title: Aging-like Spontaneous Epigenetic Silencing Facilitates Wnt Activation, Stemness, and Braf V600E -Induced Tumorigenesis

doi: 10.1016/j.ccell.2019.01.005

Figure Lengend Snippet: KEY RESOURCES TABLE

Article Snippet: The qMSP reactions contained 1× Magic buffer, 200 μM dNTPs, 500 nM primers and 1 μl elute from the bisulfite treated DNA sample, 0.2 U Platinum Taq DNA Polymerase (Thermo Fisher Scientific) and 1X EvaGreen (Biotium).

Techniques: Virus, Recombinant, Transfection, Cell Recovery, Methylation, Polymer, Cloning, Microarray, DNA Methylation Assay, Knock-Out, CRISPR, Gene Expression, Plasmid Preparation, Software